The centre of the fruit contains five carpels arranged star-like, each containing one or two seeds. The fruit is a globose pome, varying in size from 1–4 cm ( 1⁄ 2– 1 + 1⁄ 2 in) in diameter in most of the wild species, to 6 cm ( 2 + 1⁄ 4 in) in M. sylvestris sieversii, 8 cm (3 in) in M. domestica, and even larger in certain cultivated orchard apples. Several Malus species, including domestic apples, hybridize freely. Ī number of cultivars are self-pollinating, such as 'Granny Smith' and 'Golden Delicious', but are considerably fewer in number compared to their cross-pollination dependent counterparts. Many apples require cross-pollination between individuals by insects (typically bees, which freely visit the flowers for both nectar and pollen) these are called self-sterile, so self-pollination is impossible, making pollinating insects essential. The flowers are borne in corymbs, and have five petals, which may be white, pink, or red, and are perfect, with usually red stamens that produce copious pollen, and a half-inferior ovary flowering occurs in the spring after 50–80 growing degree days (varying greatly according to subspecies and cultivar). The leaves are 3–10 centimetres ( 1 + 1⁄ 4–4 inches) long, alternate, simple, with a serrated margin. The genus is native to the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere.ĭescription Flowering crabapple bloomsĪpple trees are typically 4–12 metres (13–39 feet) talI at maturity, with a dense, twiggy crown. Malus ( / ˈ m eɪ l ə s/ or / ˈ m æ l ə s/) is a genus of about 30–55 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples and wild apples.
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